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vad pac 1 selleckchem cat  (Selleck Chemicals)


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    Selleck Chemicals vad pac 1 selleckchem cat
    Vad Pac 1 Selleckchem Cat, supplied by Selleck Chemicals, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 23 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/pac+1/PAC-1/pm41762656-248-283-285
    Average 93 stars, based on 23 article reviews
    vad pac 1 selleckchem cat - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
    93/100 stars

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    Related Articles

    Apoptosis Assay:

    Article Title: ANP32E contributes to gastric cancer progression via NUF2 upregulation.
    Article Snippet: After transfection for 48 h at 37 ̊C, the cells were resuspended using 1X annexin‐binding buffer and were stained using an alexa Fluor 488, annexin V and Pi cell apoptosis analysis kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.), according to the manu‐ facture's protocols. .. PAC‐1 (2 μM; Selleck Chemicals; cat. no. S2738) was used to induce cell apoptosis, then the cells were subjected to cell apoptosis assay. .. Subsequently, a cyto‐ FLEX flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, Inc.) was used to detect cell apoptosis. ur plus lr quadrants were used to calculate apoptosis.

    Article Title: ANP32E contributes to gastric cancer progression via NUF2 upregulation
    Article Snippet: After transfection for 48 h at 37°C, the cells were resuspended using 1X annexin-binding buffer and were stained using an Alexa Fluor 488, annexin V and PI cell apoptosis analysis kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.), according to the manufacture's protocols. .. PAC-1 (2 μM; Selleck Chemicals; cat. no. S2738) was used to induce cell apoptosis, then the cells were subjected to cell apoptosis assay. .. Subsequently, a cytoFLEX flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, Inc.) was used to detect cell apoptosis.

    TUNEL Assay:

    Article Title: Microbes exploit death-induced nutrient release by gut epithelial cells.
    Article Snippet: .. The reagents used for different parts of this work were obtained from the indicated suppliers as follows: doxycycline (Sigma D-9891); B/B homodimerizer (Clonetech AP20187); QVD (Sigma SML0063); staurosporine (Abcam ab120056); TUNEL (Sigma 12156792910); CD45 antibody (Abcam ab10558); caspase 3 activity kit (Sigma APT131, AssayGenie RG BN00018); caspase 8 activity kit (Sigma APT129); annexin V-APC (Biolegend 640941); annexin V-Pac Blue (Biolegene 640917); TO-PRO-3 Iodide (Thermo Fisher T3605); 7AAD (Invitrogen A1310); Yoyo-1 (Thermo Fisher Y3601); Sytox blue (Thermo Fisher S34857); PAC-1 (Selleckchem S2738); doxorubicin (Sigma D-1515); proteinase K (GC Biotech BIO-37037); RiboPure RNA Purification Kit (Thermo Fisher AM1925); SensiFast cDNA Synthesis Kit (GC Biotech BIO-650504); recombinant human TNF (VIB Protein Core); inosine monophosphate (IMP; Sigma 57510); dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP; Sigma 37442); guanosine monophosphate (GMP; Sigma G8377); UDP-glucose (Abcam ab120384); spermidine (Sigma S2626); FBP (Sigma F6803); In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit, TUNEL (Sigma 12156792910); annexin V binding buffer (BD 556454); shikonin (MedChemExpress HY-N0822); pyruvate detection kit (Merck MAK071); formate detection kit (Sigma MAK059); FBP detection kit (Biovision K2036). .. The following antibodies were used: caspase-1 (rabbit, anti-mouse)41, caspase-3 (CST 9662), cleaved caspase-3 (CST 9664), caspase-7 (CST 8438), cleaved caspase-7 (Abcam ab255818), caspase-8 (Abnova MAB3429), cleaved caspase-8 (CST 9429), caspase-8 (CST 9746), P-MLKL Ser345 (Abcam ab196436), MLKL (Sigma-Aldrich MABC604), P-RIPK3 Thr231/232 (CST 91702), tubulin HRP (Abcam ab21058), sheep anti-mouse IgG HRP (Cytiva NA931), goat anti-rat IgG HRP (Cytiva NA935), goat anti-rabbit IgG HRP (Cayman Chemical 10004301).

    Activity Assay:

    Article Title: Microbes exploit death-induced nutrient release by gut epithelial cells.
    Article Snippet: .. The reagents used for different parts of this work were obtained from the indicated suppliers as follows: doxycycline (Sigma D-9891); B/B homodimerizer (Clonetech AP20187); QVD (Sigma SML0063); staurosporine (Abcam ab120056); TUNEL (Sigma 12156792910); CD45 antibody (Abcam ab10558); caspase 3 activity kit (Sigma APT131, AssayGenie RG BN00018); caspase 8 activity kit (Sigma APT129); annexin V-APC (Biolegend 640941); annexin V-Pac Blue (Biolegene 640917); TO-PRO-3 Iodide (Thermo Fisher T3605); 7AAD (Invitrogen A1310); Yoyo-1 (Thermo Fisher Y3601); Sytox blue (Thermo Fisher S34857); PAC-1 (Selleckchem S2738); doxorubicin (Sigma D-1515); proteinase K (GC Biotech BIO-37037); RiboPure RNA Purification Kit (Thermo Fisher AM1925); SensiFast cDNA Synthesis Kit (GC Biotech BIO-650504); recombinant human TNF (VIB Protein Core); inosine monophosphate (IMP; Sigma 57510); dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP; Sigma 37442); guanosine monophosphate (GMP; Sigma G8377); UDP-glucose (Abcam ab120384); spermidine (Sigma S2626); FBP (Sigma F6803); In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit, TUNEL (Sigma 12156792910); annexin V binding buffer (BD 556454); shikonin (MedChemExpress HY-N0822); pyruvate detection kit (Merck MAK071); formate detection kit (Sigma MAK059); FBP detection kit (Biovision K2036). .. The following antibodies were used: caspase-1 (rabbit, anti-mouse)41, caspase-3 (CST 9662), cleaved caspase-3 (CST 9664), caspase-7 (CST 8438), cleaved caspase-7 (Abcam ab255818), caspase-8 (Abnova MAB3429), cleaved caspase-8 (CST 9429), caspase-8 (CST 9746), P-MLKL Ser345 (Abcam ab196436), MLKL (Sigma-Aldrich MABC604), P-RIPK3 Thr231/232 (CST 91702), tubulin HRP (Abcam ab21058), sheep anti-mouse IgG HRP (Cytiva NA931), goat anti-rat IgG HRP (Cytiva NA935), goat anti-rabbit IgG HRP (Cayman Chemical 10004301).

    Purification:

    Article Title: Microbes exploit death-induced nutrient release by gut epithelial cells.
    Article Snippet: .. The reagents used for different parts of this work were obtained from the indicated suppliers as follows: doxycycline (Sigma D-9891); B/B homodimerizer (Clonetech AP20187); QVD (Sigma SML0063); staurosporine (Abcam ab120056); TUNEL (Sigma 12156792910); CD45 antibody (Abcam ab10558); caspase 3 activity kit (Sigma APT131, AssayGenie RG BN00018); caspase 8 activity kit (Sigma APT129); annexin V-APC (Biolegend 640941); annexin V-Pac Blue (Biolegene 640917); TO-PRO-3 Iodide (Thermo Fisher T3605); 7AAD (Invitrogen A1310); Yoyo-1 (Thermo Fisher Y3601); Sytox blue (Thermo Fisher S34857); PAC-1 (Selleckchem S2738); doxorubicin (Sigma D-1515); proteinase K (GC Biotech BIO-37037); RiboPure RNA Purification Kit (Thermo Fisher AM1925); SensiFast cDNA Synthesis Kit (GC Biotech BIO-650504); recombinant human TNF (VIB Protein Core); inosine monophosphate (IMP; Sigma 57510); dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP; Sigma 37442); guanosine monophosphate (GMP; Sigma G8377); UDP-glucose (Abcam ab120384); spermidine (Sigma S2626); FBP (Sigma F6803); In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit, TUNEL (Sigma 12156792910); annexin V binding buffer (BD 556454); shikonin (MedChemExpress HY-N0822); pyruvate detection kit (Merck MAK071); formate detection kit (Sigma MAK059); FBP detection kit (Biovision K2036). .. The following antibodies were used: caspase-1 (rabbit, anti-mouse)41, caspase-3 (CST 9662), cleaved caspase-3 (CST 9664), caspase-7 (CST 8438), cleaved caspase-7 (Abcam ab255818), caspase-8 (Abnova MAB3429), cleaved caspase-8 (CST 9429), caspase-8 (CST 9746), P-MLKL Ser345 (Abcam ab196436), MLKL (Sigma-Aldrich MABC604), P-RIPK3 Thr231/232 (CST 91702), tubulin HRP (Abcam ab21058), sheep anti-mouse IgG HRP (Cytiva NA931), goat anti-rat IgG HRP (Cytiva NA935), goat anti-rabbit IgG HRP (Cayman Chemical 10004301).

    cDNA Synthesis:

    Article Title: Microbes exploit death-induced nutrient release by gut epithelial cells.
    Article Snippet: .. The reagents used for different parts of this work were obtained from the indicated suppliers as follows: doxycycline (Sigma D-9891); B/B homodimerizer (Clonetech AP20187); QVD (Sigma SML0063); staurosporine (Abcam ab120056); TUNEL (Sigma 12156792910); CD45 antibody (Abcam ab10558); caspase 3 activity kit (Sigma APT131, AssayGenie RG BN00018); caspase 8 activity kit (Sigma APT129); annexin V-APC (Biolegend 640941); annexin V-Pac Blue (Biolegene 640917); TO-PRO-3 Iodide (Thermo Fisher T3605); 7AAD (Invitrogen A1310); Yoyo-1 (Thermo Fisher Y3601); Sytox blue (Thermo Fisher S34857); PAC-1 (Selleckchem S2738); doxorubicin (Sigma D-1515); proteinase K (GC Biotech BIO-37037); RiboPure RNA Purification Kit (Thermo Fisher AM1925); SensiFast cDNA Synthesis Kit (GC Biotech BIO-650504); recombinant human TNF (VIB Protein Core); inosine monophosphate (IMP; Sigma 57510); dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP; Sigma 37442); guanosine monophosphate (GMP; Sigma G8377); UDP-glucose (Abcam ab120384); spermidine (Sigma S2626); FBP (Sigma F6803); In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit, TUNEL (Sigma 12156792910); annexin V binding buffer (BD 556454); shikonin (MedChemExpress HY-N0822); pyruvate detection kit (Merck MAK071); formate detection kit (Sigma MAK059); FBP detection kit (Biovision K2036). .. The following antibodies were used: caspase-1 (rabbit, anti-mouse)41, caspase-3 (CST 9662), cleaved caspase-3 (CST 9664), caspase-7 (CST 8438), cleaved caspase-7 (Abcam ab255818), caspase-8 (Abnova MAB3429), cleaved caspase-8 (CST 9429), caspase-8 (CST 9746), P-MLKL Ser345 (Abcam ab196436), MLKL (Sigma-Aldrich MABC604), P-RIPK3 Thr231/232 (CST 91702), tubulin HRP (Abcam ab21058), sheep anti-mouse IgG HRP (Cytiva NA931), goat anti-rat IgG HRP (Cytiva NA935), goat anti-rabbit IgG HRP (Cayman Chemical 10004301).

    Recombinant:

    Article Title: Microbes exploit death-induced nutrient release by gut epithelial cells.
    Article Snippet: .. The reagents used for different parts of this work were obtained from the indicated suppliers as follows: doxycycline (Sigma D-9891); B/B homodimerizer (Clonetech AP20187); QVD (Sigma SML0063); staurosporine (Abcam ab120056); TUNEL (Sigma 12156792910); CD45 antibody (Abcam ab10558); caspase 3 activity kit (Sigma APT131, AssayGenie RG BN00018); caspase 8 activity kit (Sigma APT129); annexin V-APC (Biolegend 640941); annexin V-Pac Blue (Biolegene 640917); TO-PRO-3 Iodide (Thermo Fisher T3605); 7AAD (Invitrogen A1310); Yoyo-1 (Thermo Fisher Y3601); Sytox blue (Thermo Fisher S34857); PAC-1 (Selleckchem S2738); doxorubicin (Sigma D-1515); proteinase K (GC Biotech BIO-37037); RiboPure RNA Purification Kit (Thermo Fisher AM1925); SensiFast cDNA Synthesis Kit (GC Biotech BIO-650504); recombinant human TNF (VIB Protein Core); inosine monophosphate (IMP; Sigma 57510); dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP; Sigma 37442); guanosine monophosphate (GMP; Sigma G8377); UDP-glucose (Abcam ab120384); spermidine (Sigma S2626); FBP (Sigma F6803); In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit, TUNEL (Sigma 12156792910); annexin V binding buffer (BD 556454); shikonin (MedChemExpress HY-N0822); pyruvate detection kit (Merck MAK071); formate detection kit (Sigma MAK059); FBP detection kit (Biovision K2036). .. The following antibodies were used: caspase-1 (rabbit, anti-mouse)41, caspase-3 (CST 9662), cleaved caspase-3 (CST 9664), caspase-7 (CST 8438), cleaved caspase-7 (Abcam ab255818), caspase-8 (Abnova MAB3429), cleaved caspase-8 (CST 9429), caspase-8 (CST 9746), P-MLKL Ser345 (Abcam ab196436), MLKL (Sigma-Aldrich MABC604), P-RIPK3 Thr231/232 (CST 91702), tubulin HRP (Abcam ab21058), sheep anti-mouse IgG HRP (Cytiva NA931), goat anti-rat IgG HRP (Cytiva NA935), goat anti-rabbit IgG HRP (Cayman Chemical 10004301).

    In Situ:

    Article Title: Microbes exploit death-induced nutrient release by gut epithelial cells.
    Article Snippet: .. The reagents used for different parts of this work were obtained from the indicated suppliers as follows: doxycycline (Sigma D-9891); B/B homodimerizer (Clonetech AP20187); QVD (Sigma SML0063); staurosporine (Abcam ab120056); TUNEL (Sigma 12156792910); CD45 antibody (Abcam ab10558); caspase 3 activity kit (Sigma APT131, AssayGenie RG BN00018); caspase 8 activity kit (Sigma APT129); annexin V-APC (Biolegend 640941); annexin V-Pac Blue (Biolegene 640917); TO-PRO-3 Iodide (Thermo Fisher T3605); 7AAD (Invitrogen A1310); Yoyo-1 (Thermo Fisher Y3601); Sytox blue (Thermo Fisher S34857); PAC-1 (Selleckchem S2738); doxorubicin (Sigma D-1515); proteinase K (GC Biotech BIO-37037); RiboPure RNA Purification Kit (Thermo Fisher AM1925); SensiFast cDNA Synthesis Kit (GC Biotech BIO-650504); recombinant human TNF (VIB Protein Core); inosine monophosphate (IMP; Sigma 57510); dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP; Sigma 37442); guanosine monophosphate (GMP; Sigma G8377); UDP-glucose (Abcam ab120384); spermidine (Sigma S2626); FBP (Sigma F6803); In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit, TUNEL (Sigma 12156792910); annexin V binding buffer (BD 556454); shikonin (MedChemExpress HY-N0822); pyruvate detection kit (Merck MAK071); formate detection kit (Sigma MAK059); FBP detection kit (Biovision K2036). .. The following antibodies were used: caspase-1 (rabbit, anti-mouse)41, caspase-3 (CST 9662), cleaved caspase-3 (CST 9664), caspase-7 (CST 8438), cleaved caspase-7 (Abcam ab255818), caspase-8 (Abnova MAB3429), cleaved caspase-8 (CST 9429), caspase-8 (CST 9746), P-MLKL Ser345 (Abcam ab196436), MLKL (Sigma-Aldrich MABC604), P-RIPK3 Thr231/232 (CST 91702), tubulin HRP (Abcam ab21058), sheep anti-mouse IgG HRP (Cytiva NA931), goat anti-rat IgG HRP (Cytiva NA935), goat anti-rabbit IgG HRP (Cayman Chemical 10004301).

    Binding Assay:

    Article Title: Microbes exploit death-induced nutrient release by gut epithelial cells.
    Article Snippet: .. The reagents used for different parts of this work were obtained from the indicated suppliers as follows: doxycycline (Sigma D-9891); B/B homodimerizer (Clonetech AP20187); QVD (Sigma SML0063); staurosporine (Abcam ab120056); TUNEL (Sigma 12156792910); CD45 antibody (Abcam ab10558); caspase 3 activity kit (Sigma APT131, AssayGenie RG BN00018); caspase 8 activity kit (Sigma APT129); annexin V-APC (Biolegend 640941); annexin V-Pac Blue (Biolegene 640917); TO-PRO-3 Iodide (Thermo Fisher T3605); 7AAD (Invitrogen A1310); Yoyo-1 (Thermo Fisher Y3601); Sytox blue (Thermo Fisher S34857); PAC-1 (Selleckchem S2738); doxorubicin (Sigma D-1515); proteinase K (GC Biotech BIO-37037); RiboPure RNA Purification Kit (Thermo Fisher AM1925); SensiFast cDNA Synthesis Kit (GC Biotech BIO-650504); recombinant human TNF (VIB Protein Core); inosine monophosphate (IMP; Sigma 57510); dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP; Sigma 37442); guanosine monophosphate (GMP; Sigma G8377); UDP-glucose (Abcam ab120384); spermidine (Sigma S2626); FBP (Sigma F6803); In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit, TUNEL (Sigma 12156792910); annexin V binding buffer (BD 556454); shikonin (MedChemExpress HY-N0822); pyruvate detection kit (Merck MAK071); formate detection kit (Sigma MAK059); FBP detection kit (Biovision K2036). .. The following antibodies were used: caspase-1 (rabbit, anti-mouse)41, caspase-3 (CST 9662), cleaved caspase-3 (CST 9664), caspase-7 (CST 8438), cleaved caspase-7 (Abcam ab255818), caspase-8 (Abnova MAB3429), cleaved caspase-8 (CST 9429), caspase-8 (CST 9746), P-MLKL Ser345 (Abcam ab196436), MLKL (Sigma-Aldrich MABC604), P-RIPK3 Thr231/232 (CST 91702), tubulin HRP (Abcam ab21058), sheep anti-mouse IgG HRP (Cytiva NA931), goat anti-rat IgG HRP (Cytiva NA935), goat anti-rabbit IgG HRP (Cayman Chemical 10004301).

    other:

    Article Title: TFAP2C facilitates somatic cell reprogramming by inhibiting c-Myc -dependent apoptosis and promoting mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition
    Article Snippet: In some experimental settings, PAC-1 (Selleck, 1.25 μM) was used to induce apoptosis.

    Titration:

    Article Title: A clinical-stage oncology compound selectively targets drug-resistant cancers
    Article Snippet: Cells were seeded at 2000 cells/well into 12-well Cell+ plates (Sarstedt). .. The following day a titration of PAC-1 (1, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 20, 25 μM, SelleckChem) was added and cells incubated with the drug continually for 21 days, with the media changed every 5–7 days. .. Plates were fixed in 1% formaldehyde, before being stained with a 0.05% v/v crystal violet (Sigma Aldrich) solution.

    Incubation:

    Article Title: A clinical-stage oncology compound selectively targets drug-resistant cancers
    Article Snippet: Cells were seeded at 2000 cells/well into 12-well Cell+ plates (Sarstedt). .. The following day a titration of PAC-1 (1, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 20, 25 μM, SelleckChem) was added and cells incubated with the drug continually for 21 days, with the media changed every 5–7 days. .. Plates were fixed in 1% formaldehyde, before being stained with a 0.05% v/v crystal violet (Sigma Aldrich) solution.



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    (A) The immunofluorescent staining showed that CSDS treatment induced obvious increases in the expression of <t>PAC1</t> receptor within PVT neurons (upper panel, amplification: 4 x; lower panel, amplification: 60 x). (B) The western blot revealed the apparent increases in the PAC1 receptor within PVT region and (C) the statistical analysis ( n = 5 mice for each group; Mann-Whitney unpaired two-tailed U test; U = 0, ** p = 0.0079). (D) The experimental strategy of cannula injection of PAC1 receptor antagonist and behavioral tests. (E) The context-dependent locomotion activity (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 21.47) = 9.201, ** p = 0.0013; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0429; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, *** p = 0.0006). (F) The time spent in open arm (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 24.69) = 9.033, ** p = 0.0011; Ctrl vs. CSDS, ** p = 0.0041; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0163) and (G) number of open arm entries (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 26.45) = 6.594, ** p = 0.0047; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0107; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0193) in the elevated plus maze test. (H) The sociability in the three-chamber test (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 17.81) = 6.317, ** p = 0.0084; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0189; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0173) and (I) the innate motivation in the female encounter test (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 22.87) = 7.469, ** p = 0.0032; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0122; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0102). (J) The arousal levels (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 24.94) = 5.412, * p = 0.0112; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.044; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0316). Data was represented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. n = 10 mice per group per experiment.
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    (A) The immunofluorescent staining showed that CSDS treatment induced obvious increases in the expression of <t>PAC1</t> receptor within PVT neurons (upper panel, amplification: 4 x; lower panel, amplification: 60 x). (B) The western blot revealed the apparent increases in the PAC1 receptor within PVT region and (C) the statistical analysis ( n = 5 mice for each group; Mann-Whitney unpaired two-tailed U test; U = 0, ** p = 0.0079). (D) The experimental strategy of cannula injection of PAC1 receptor antagonist and behavioral tests. (E) The context-dependent locomotion activity (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 21.47) = 9.201, ** p = 0.0013; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0429; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, *** p = 0.0006). (F) The time spent in open arm (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 24.69) = 9.033, ** p = 0.0011; Ctrl vs. CSDS, ** p = 0.0041; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0163) and (G) number of open arm entries (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 26.45) = 6.594, ** p = 0.0047; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0107; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0193) in the elevated plus maze test. (H) The sociability in the three-chamber test (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 17.81) = 6.317, ** p = 0.0084; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0189; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0173) and (I) the innate motivation in the female encounter test (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 22.87) = 7.469, ** p = 0.0032; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0122; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0102). (J) The arousal levels (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 24.94) = 5.412, * p = 0.0112; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.044; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0316). Data was represented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. n = 10 mice per group per experiment.
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    (A) The immunofluorescent staining showed that CSDS treatment induced obvious increases in the expression of <t>PAC1</t> receptor within PVT neurons (upper panel, amplification: 4 x; lower panel, amplification: 60 x). (B) The western blot revealed the apparent increases in the PAC1 receptor within PVT region and (C) the statistical analysis ( n = 5 mice for each group; Mann-Whitney unpaired two-tailed U test; U = 0, ** p = 0.0079). (D) The experimental strategy of cannula injection of PAC1 receptor antagonist and behavioral tests. (E) The context-dependent locomotion activity (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 21.47) = 9.201, ** p = 0.0013; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0429; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, *** p = 0.0006). (F) The time spent in open arm (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 24.69) = 9.033, ** p = 0.0011; Ctrl vs. CSDS, ** p = 0.0041; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0163) and (G) number of open arm entries (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 26.45) = 6.594, ** p = 0.0047; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0107; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0193) in the elevated plus maze test. (H) The sociability in the three-chamber test (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 17.81) = 6.317, ** p = 0.0084; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0189; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0173) and (I) the innate motivation in the female encounter test (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 22.87) = 7.469, ** p = 0.0032; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0122; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0102). (J) The arousal levels (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 24.94) = 5.412, * p = 0.0112; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.044; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0316). Data was represented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. n = 10 mice per group per experiment.
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    (A) The immunofluorescent staining showed that CSDS treatment induced obvious increases in the expression of <t>PAC1</t> receptor within PVT neurons (upper panel, amplification: 4 x; lower panel, amplification: 60 x). (B) The western blot revealed the apparent increases in the PAC1 receptor within PVT region and (C) the statistical analysis ( n = 5 mice for each group; Mann-Whitney unpaired two-tailed U test; U = 0, ** p = 0.0079). (D) The experimental strategy of cannula injection of PAC1 receptor antagonist and behavioral tests. (E) The context-dependent locomotion activity (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 21.47) = 9.201, ** p = 0.0013; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0429; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, *** p = 0.0006). (F) The time spent in open arm (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 24.69) = 9.033, ** p = 0.0011; Ctrl vs. CSDS, ** p = 0.0041; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0163) and (G) number of open arm entries (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 26.45) = 6.594, ** p = 0.0047; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0107; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0193) in the elevated plus maze test. (H) The sociability in the three-chamber test (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 17.81) = 6.317, ** p = 0.0084; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0189; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0173) and (I) the innate motivation in the female encounter test (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 22.87) = 7.469, ** p = 0.0032; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0122; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0102). (J) The arousal levels (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 24.94) = 5.412, * p = 0.0112; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.044; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0316). Data was represented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. n = 10 mice per group per experiment.
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    (A) The immunofluorescent staining showed that CSDS treatment induced obvious increases in the expression of <t>PAC1</t> receptor within PVT neurons (upper panel, amplification: 4 x; lower panel, amplification: 60 x). (B) The western blot revealed the apparent increases in the PAC1 receptor within PVT region and (C) the statistical analysis ( n = 5 mice for each group; Mann-Whitney unpaired two-tailed U test; U = 0, ** p = 0.0079). (D) The experimental strategy of cannula injection of PAC1 receptor antagonist and behavioral tests. (E) The context-dependent locomotion activity (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 21.47) = 9.201, ** p = 0.0013; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0429; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, *** p = 0.0006). (F) The time spent in open arm (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 24.69) = 9.033, ** p = 0.0011; Ctrl vs. CSDS, ** p = 0.0041; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0163) and (G) number of open arm entries (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 26.45) = 6.594, ** p = 0.0047; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0107; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0193) in the elevated plus maze test. (H) The sociability in the three-chamber test (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 17.81) = 6.317, ** p = 0.0084; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0189; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0173) and (I) the innate motivation in the female encounter test (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 22.87) = 7.469, ** p = 0.0032; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0122; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0102). (J) The arousal levels (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 24.94) = 5.412, * p = 0.0112; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.044; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0316). Data was represented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. n = 10 mice per group per experiment.
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    Image Search Results


    (A) The immunofluorescent staining showed that CSDS treatment induced obvious increases in the expression of PAC1 receptor within PVT neurons (upper panel, amplification: 4 x; lower panel, amplification: 60 x). (B) The western blot revealed the apparent increases in the PAC1 receptor within PVT region and (C) the statistical analysis ( n = 5 mice for each group; Mann-Whitney unpaired two-tailed U test; U = 0, ** p = 0.0079). (D) The experimental strategy of cannula injection of PAC1 receptor antagonist and behavioral tests. (E) The context-dependent locomotion activity (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 21.47) = 9.201, ** p = 0.0013; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0429; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, *** p = 0.0006). (F) The time spent in open arm (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 24.69) = 9.033, ** p = 0.0011; Ctrl vs. CSDS, ** p = 0.0041; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0163) and (G) number of open arm entries (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 26.45) = 6.594, ** p = 0.0047; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0107; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0193) in the elevated plus maze test. (H) The sociability in the three-chamber test (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 17.81) = 6.317, ** p = 0.0084; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0189; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0173) and (I) the innate motivation in the female encounter test (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 22.87) = 7.469, ** p = 0.0032; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0122; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0102). (J) The arousal levels (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 24.94) = 5.412, * p = 0.0112; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.044; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0316). Data was represented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. n = 10 mice per group per experiment.

    Journal: Translational Psychiatry

    Article Title: The ventral hippocampus to paraventricular thalamus circuit regulates context-dependent hyperlocomotion through PAC1 receptor signaling in the chronic stress-induced PTSD mouse model

    doi: 10.1038/s41398-026-03963-1

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) The immunofluorescent staining showed that CSDS treatment induced obvious increases in the expression of PAC1 receptor within PVT neurons (upper panel, amplification: 4 x; lower panel, amplification: 60 x). (B) The western blot revealed the apparent increases in the PAC1 receptor within PVT region and (C) the statistical analysis ( n = 5 mice for each group; Mann-Whitney unpaired two-tailed U test; U = 0, ** p = 0.0079). (D) The experimental strategy of cannula injection of PAC1 receptor antagonist and behavioral tests. (E) The context-dependent locomotion activity (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 21.47) = 9.201, ** p = 0.0013; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0429; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, *** p = 0.0006). (F) The time spent in open arm (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 24.69) = 9.033, ** p = 0.0011; Ctrl vs. CSDS, ** p = 0.0041; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0163) and (G) number of open arm entries (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 26.45) = 6.594, ** p = 0.0047; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0107; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0193) in the elevated plus maze test. (H) The sociability in the three-chamber test (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 17.81) = 6.317, ** p = 0.0084; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0189; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0173) and (I) the innate motivation in the female encounter test (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 22.87) = 7.469, ** p = 0.0032; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.0122; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0102). (J) The arousal levels (One-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test, F(2, 24.94) = 5.412, * p = 0.0112; Ctrl vs. CSDS, * p = 0.044; CSDS vs. CSDS + PA-915, * p = 0.0316). Data was represented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. n = 10 mice per group per experiment.

    Article Snippet: To test the effect of PAC1 receptor agonist and antagonist on the PVT neuronal activity, both PA-915 and maxadilan (Tocris Biosciences) were finally dissolved in ACSF at 5, 20, 50, 100 nM to examine the changes of PVT neuronal firings.

    Techniques: Staining, Expressing, Amplification, Western Blot, MANN-WHITNEY, Two Tailed Test, Injection, Activity Assay